Common Causes of Gastrointestinal Bleeding Q&A

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding refers to any form of bleeding within the digestive tract, which can range from minor to life-threatening. Various health issues can result in gastrointestinal bleeding, such as:

⦁ Peptic Ulcers: These are open sores that form on the lining of the stomach or duodenum. They are often caused by an infection with the bacteria Helicobacter pylori or the long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). When the ulcers bleed, it can lead to vomiting blood or passing black, tarry stools.

⦁ Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach lining, often caused by alcohol use, certain medications, or infections like H. pylori, can result in bleeding. Signs may include an upset stomach, throwing up, and discomfort in the abdomen.

⦁ Esophageal Varices: These are enlarged veins in the esophagus that can rupture, often as a result of liver disease. When they bleed, it can cause significant vomiting of blood.

⦁ Diverticulosis: The formation of small pouches in the colon can lead to diverticular bleeding, which may cause bright red blood in the stool.

⦁ Hemorrhoids: Swollen veins in the rectum or anus can cause bleeding, often seen as blood in the stool or on toilet paper.

At Digestive Disease Care, our specialists offer comprehensive evaluations and treatments for gastrointestinal bleeding, ensuring timely diagnosis and effective care.

Common Causes of Gastrointestinal Bleeding:

Peptic Ulcers:

⦁ Open sores in the stomach or duodenum are caused by Helicobacter pylori infections or long-term use of NSAIDs.

⦁ Symptoms may include black, tarry stools or vomiting blood.

⦁ Treatment typically involves antibiotics or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

Gastritis:

⦁ Inflammation of the stomach lining, commonly due to excessive alcohol use, medications like NSAIDs, or bacterial infections.

⦁ Can lead to upper GI bleeding, nausea, and abdominal pain.

⦁ Managed with medications to reduce stomach acid and treat infections.

Esophageal Varices:

⦁ Ruptured varices can result in significant bleeding, leading to vomiting blood.

⦁ Emergency treatment may involve medications, endoscopic procedures, or surgery.

Diverticulosis:

⦁ Small pouches (diverticula) form in the colon wall and may bleed.

⦁ Bleeding can be seen as bright red blood in the stool.

⦁ Treatment may include dietary changes, medication, or, in severe cases, surgery.

Hemorrhoids:

⦁ Enlarged veins in the rectal or anal area that can cause bleeding during bowel movements.

⦁ Typically causes bright red blood on the toilet paper or in the stool.

⦁ Treated with topical treatments, diet changes, or, in some cases, surgical intervention.

At Digestive Disease Care, our specialists diagnose and manage gastrointestinal bleeding, providing tailored treatments to address the root cause and ensure optimal recovery.

⦁ Black, tarry stools (melena) are a common sign of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, where blood has been digested, giving the stool a black and sticky appearance. This is typically caused by peptic ulcers, gastritis, or esophageal varices.

⦁ Vomiting blood (hematemesis), either bright red or resembling coffee grounds, suggests active bleeding in the upper GI tract, often due to peptic ulcers or varices.

⦁ Bright red blood in the stool indicates lower gastrointestinal bleeding, often from ⦁ hemorrhoids, diverticulosis, or colorectal cancer. The blood is fresh and undigested.

⦁ Abdominal pain or discomfort, particularly with ulcers or gastritis, can accompany gastrointestinal bleeding. This may present as cramping or constant discomfort in the stomach or lower abdomen.

⦁ Fatigue or weakness can result from blood loss, leading to anemia. This is often seen in more severe or chronic bleeding cases.

⦁ Paleness, cold sweats, and shortness of breath can indicate significant blood loss, requiring immediate medical attention.

⦁ Nausea and vomiting may accompany other symptoms, especially with ulcers, gastritis, or gastrointestinal obstruction.

Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing gastrointestinal bleeding effectively. Our specialists use advanced diagnostic tools to identify the cause and provide targeted treatment plans.

⦁ Seek Immediate Medical Attention: Call emergency services or go to the nearest emergency room if you notice signs like vomiting blood, black tarry stools, or bright red blood in your stool.

⦁ Avoid Self-Treatment: Do not attempt to manage gastrointestinal bleeding on your own. Consulting a healthcare professional guarantees an accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.

⦁ Monitor Symptoms: Track the frequency, color, and consistency of your stool and vomiting. This will help healthcare providers make a faster diagnosis.

⦁ Stay Calm and Hydrated: While waiting for medical help, remain calm and sip small amounts of water to stay hydrated.

⦁ Avoid Medications: Do not take over-the-counter medications like pain relievers (NSAIDs), as they can worsen bleeding.

If you experience gastrointestinal bleeding, it’s essential to seek medical attention immediately. For more information, contact us today or schedule an appointment online. We have convenient locations to serve you in Melville NY, New Hyde Park NY, Forest Hills NY, Jericho NY, Mineola NY, Lake Success NY, Babylon NY, East Setauket NY, Massapequa NY, Riverhead NY and BEYOND.